LOGIKA DAN METODE PENALARAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF  FILSAFAT NYĀYA DARŚANA

Gede Agus Siswadi

doi:10.53977/sd.v5i2.807

Gede Agus Siswadi Fakultas Filsafat Universitas Gadjah Mada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53977/sd.v5i2.807

Abstract

Nyāya is one of the Indian philosophical systems belonging to the
Astika group. The Nyāya specializes in the exposition of a reasoning
methodology or a method used for validation. The validation method in
the nyāya philosophical system is called pramana so that the nyāya is
very synonymous with the logical system. This study focuses on using
a literature study research approach. The results in this study are that
there are four principles that need to be carried out in a reasoning or
logic in finding a truth, namely, Pratyaksa Pramāna which means a
truth obtained through direct observation. Anumāna Pramāna means
the truth that is revealed through a process of inference, then Upamāna
Pramāna that is revealing the truth through comparison, and finally
Sabda Pramāna that is obtaining a truth through witness. The four
methods can be used simultaneously to obtain a valid truth.

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